CD4 and Graves disease: To uncover key immune gene expression patterns associated with each condition, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis to compare CD4(+) T cell immune profiling among three individuals: one with complete monosomy X Turner syndrome (45, X), representing haploinsufficiency of the X chromosome; a healthy female (46, XX); and a female with Graves’ disease (46, XX), serving as a representative of a normal karyotype female with an autoimmune condition.