AKT1 and ischemia: Rolipram and FCPR03, in ischemia and stroke models using adult male C57BL/6 mice and Sprague Dawley rats, reduced neuronal cell death, neuroinflammation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production while preserving blood-brain barrier integrity and promoting SIRT1, p-AMPK, and AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathways [2,54].