ATG12 and gallbladder cancer: However, the interaction of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) gallbladder cancer drug resistance-associated lncRNA1 with phosphoglycerate kinase 1 in gallbladder cancer cells prevents ATG5 degradation and induces the ATG5-ATG12 complex formation, promoting autophagy and doxorubicin resistance (Cai et al., 2019).