INS and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: The metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hyperlipidemia, obesity, hyperuricemia, gout, and other related diseases, are associated with dysregulated metabolic processes that involve insulin resistance, the homeostasis of glucose, lipids, and other nutrients, as well as metabolic inflammation (Sunny et al., 2011; Samuel and Shulman, 2016; Xie et al., 2021).