VCP and neoplasm: Similarly, Vcp depletion in tumor cells increased tumor cells apoptosis (Supplementary Fig. 3e), reduced apoptosis of CD8+T cells (Fig. 2f and Supplementary Fig. 3f), promoted proliferation of CD8+T cells (Fig. 2g and Supplementary Fig. 3g), as well as cytokines expression (Fig. 2h), which ruled out the impact of VCP on tumor antigen presentation.