Network biology has emerged as a promising approach to identify drug targets incomplex genetic disorders, which could be applicable to understanding the molecularinteractions involving SPAG9 in the novel syndrome identified(Naqvi et al., 2023).Similarly, the use of molecular and cellular biomarkers has been pivotal inadvancing our understanding of developmental toxicology, providing a framework thatcould be adapted to explore the pathogenic mechanisms involvingSPAG9 (Dey et al.,2023). This evidence concerns the gene SPAG9 and hereditary disease.