INS and diabetes mellitus: Targeting an HbA1c ≤ 7%, especially with sulfonylureas or insulin, is now widely considered ‘overtreatment’ for older adults.10,11,12 If choosing a target-based approach, current organisational guidelines consistently recommend relaxed glycaemic targets for most older adults with T2DM, and avoidance of sulfonylureas or insulin.10,11,12 For example, the Society for Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa recommends individualised HbA1c targets.