CD4 and neoplasm: Our study further demonstrates that COL1A1 may influence the anti-tumor immune response within the OC tumor microenvironment by regulating the activity of multiple lymphocyte subsets, including Tcm_CD8, Tcm_CD4, Th1, and NK cells, as well as affecting the expression levels of chemokines such as CXCL14, CXCL12, CCL11, and CCL21.