Aberrant expressions of matrix proteins (collagens, laminins, fibronectin, and elastin) and glycans (glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans (PGs)) by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) alter the mechanical properties of the tumor ECM, leading to an increase in ECM desmoplasia and an elevated intratumoral IFP (8), creating physical barriers that impede the penetration and distribution of OVs. This evidence concerns the gene FN1 and neoplasm.