In particular, Galβ(1–3)GalNAc (9), an epitope cross-reactive with the Thomsen-Friedenreich (Tf) antigen [a truncated O-glycan structure that is highly overexpressed in epithelial carcinomas (45)] in KLH has been demonstrated to be immunogenic and proposed as a mediator of the beneficial effect of KLH in bladder cancer (46). This evidence concerns the gene TF and urinary bladder cancer.