Additionally, ITGAX plays a role in inflammatory pathways in chronic kidney disease, ulcerative colitis (Liang et al., 2023), and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy, where its overexpression in microglia contributes to neuroinflammation (Lopes et al., 2024). Here, ITGAX is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.