Increasing evidence indicates that nucleotide metabolism is vital for both the proliferative and non-proliferative processes of tumors (Zhao et al., 2024), as shown by Aarif et al.'s study, which found that inhibiting thymidylate synthase expression in breast cancer can effectively suppress EMT and reduces the ability of tumor cells to proliferate and migrate (Siddiqui et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene TYMS and breast carcinoma.