In PBMC samples from individuals with SLE, elevated levels of IRF7 were detected in various cell types, including exhausted B cells, non-switched memory B cells, natural killer cells, switched memory B cells, non-Vd2 gd T cells, T regulatory cells, Th17 cells, and Vd2 gd T cells (Fig. 9G). Here, IRF7 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.