AKT1 and cutaneous melanoma: Furthermore, the results also showed that DIOS treatment markedly downregulated the p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt, and p-mTOR/mTOR protein ratios, especially at the concentration of 40 μM DIOS (p < 0.05) (Figs. 5E, F), confirming that DIOS was able to induce apoptosis and autophagy via suppressing the PI3K/Akt pathway in cutaneous melanoma cells.