Studies have revealed aberrant expression of PURα in specific cancer types e.g., low PURα expression or gene deletion was observed in AML, Myeloid neoplasia (MN), hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC), and BC (Lezon-Geyda et al. 2001; Inoue et al. 2008; Yu et al. 2023), and high PURα expression was observed in ESCC (Gao et al. 2021) (Table 1). The gene discussed is PURA; the disease is cancer.