TNF and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Serum uric acid increases with MASLD progression [99], and the accumulation of uric acid and other DAMPs paralleled the progression of MASLD in a high-fat, high-fructose, high-cholesterol mouse model associated with the hepatic upregulation of NLRP3, IL-1β, TNFα, and CCL2 [100].