Infection of these cells results in increased expression of key inflammatory mediators IP-10 and RANTES by multiple orthohantaviruses, as observed previously in vitro [47] and are also in line with the observed upregulation of genes encoding IP-10 (CXCL10) and RANTES (CCL5) in ANDV-inoculated hamster models that recapitulate human HCPS symptoms [34]. The gene discussed is CCL5; the disease is infection.