This result is in agreement with data from other MRI techniques reporting a different signature in C9orf72 patients compared to other ALS patients, including extensive, relatively symmetric volume loss and cortical thinning, and diffusion changes in frontal areas occurring early in disease, even in presymptomatic C9orf72 mutation carriers [42–45]. The gene discussed is C9orf72; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.