Measurements of inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides showed that, under infection conditions, TNF-α and IL-1β expression levels were upregulated in the oe-MASP1 + B. pertussis group compared with oe-NC + B. pertussis, while IL-10 and BD-2 levels were significantly downregulated (Fig. 4F through I), indicating that MASP1 expression enhances the inflammatory response induced by B. pertussis and further suppresses antimicrobial peptide expression. Here, TNF is linked to infection.