CREB5, which is located on chromosome 7 (7p15.1) and belongs to the activating transcription factor/CREB family, encodes a transcriptional activator in eukaryotic cells.[30] At present, the majority of studies on the role of CREB5 are centered on tumors,[31, 32] infections,[33, 34] and certain degenerative diseases such as idiopathic achalasia[35] and Parkinson's disease.[36] A study showed that CREB5 was significantly upregulated in the frontal cortex of patients with human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis,[37] suggesting that CREB5 may play a vital role in neuroinflammation. This evidence concerns the gene CREB1 and infection.