NLRP3 and osteoarthritis: Dong et al. (2023) found that ASIC1a-CMPK2 can mediate M1 macrophage polarization and exacerbate chondrocyte senescence in osteoarthritis through IL-18. Furthermore, research suggests that NLRP3 (NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3) as a downstream effector of ROS in M1-polarized macrophages is significantly inhibited after TRPV4 suppression, thereby delaying the progression of osteoarthritis (Sun et al., 2022).