A study (Huo et al., 2024) confirmed the inhibitory effect of Stigmasterol on tumor growth in HCC mice and found that it increased the proportion of IFN-γ + CD8 + T cells and Treg cells in intestinal mucosa and tumor tissues by affecting specific Lactobacillus species, resulting in increased apoptotic protein levels and tumor cell death, revealing the effect of Stigmasterol remodeling of intestinal flora on immune cells, which provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of Stigmasterol in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.