Our findings unveil the immunomodulatory effects of 1,25(OH)2D in alleviating trNK cell function via CD107a and NKp46 and phenotypic alteration through the assessment of crucial receptors, such as PD-1 and VDR on trNK cells that are important in defining the regulatory destination of lung trNK cells and consequently influencing the pathogenesis of ALI. Here, PDCD1 is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome.