Animal experiments have confirmed that iron-overloaded mice exhibit increased pancreatic oxidative stress, elevated levels of malondialdehyde, decreased SOD and glutathione peroxidase activity, and observed acinar atrophy, extensive immune cell infiltration, and pancreatic fibrosis in the pancreas, indicating that secondary iron overload is a risk factor for pancreatitis (26). Here, SOD1 is linked to pancreatitis.