GRB2 and glioblastoma: Specifically, the involvement of EGFR and GRB2 in the EGFR signaling pathway [37–39], the participation of DVL3 in the Wnt signaling pathway [40, 41], and the association of RPS3 with chemotherapy resistance [42] have been established, underscoring their potential roles in the GBM microenvironment concerning the differentiation of neoplastic cells into OPCs.