To determine whether the HBV infection-EDEM3 relationship can be validated in more relevant clinical samples, we quantified the EDEM3 mRNA in tissues from our cohort of patients, including 10 normal, 25 HBV-infected (+) and 25 uninfected (−) normal adjacent to tumor HCC livers (Fig. 1C). Here, EDEM3 is linked to neoplasm.