In silico analysis of various hematopoietic malignancies showed that, SMAD1 expression is significantly heterogeneous in the peripheral blood and bone marrow, with particularly low levels observed in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and acute leukemia with KMT2A rearrangements (Figure 1A) (41). Here, SMAD1 is linked to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.