To further investigate the role of keratinocyte-specific S1PR3 in psoriasis progression, we generated keratinocyte-specific S1PR3knockdown mice through intradermal injection of adeno-associated virus serotype 9-shS1PR3 with the K14 promoter (K14-AAV9-shS1PR3) (Fig. 3E). Here, KRT14 is linked to psoriasis.