However, meta-analysis confirmed that with the established use of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, the incidence of neutropenia has decreased substantially.[45] Similarly, retrospective study[43] reported that in the era of IMRT, PF followed by the CCRT group experienced significantly fewer grade 3 to 5 AEs than TPF followed by the CCRT group in LA-NPC. Here, CSF3 is linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.