ENO2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: 2015). Increased levels of inflammatory cytokines have been associated with both the risk of T2DM and Alzheimer's disease (Liu et al. 2016; Tao et al. 2018). Additionally, proteins such as neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) have been shown to be useful in the early detection and monitoring of neurological complications like polyneuropathy, as NSE is released into endoneurial fluid and serum following neuronal damage (Elsharkawy et al. 2021; Li et al. 2013).