VCAM1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: For VCAM‐1, the indirect effect of T2DM on MoCA (X1b) was found to be p = 0.394, with a Sobel test statistic value of 0.851, whereas the indirect effect of prediabetes on MoCA (X2b) was p = 0.818, with a Sobel test statistic value of 0.230.