Analyzing a subset of genes relevant to RNA sensing, we observed that a panel of genes associated with IFN signaling and response to RNA and DNA sensing such as RIGI, DDX60, DHX58 and ZBP1 were significantly increased in SLE–CMD compared to HC and SLE-non-CMD (Fig. 4A,B). The gene discussed is ZBP1; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.