Tumor expression of immune checkpoint genes was implicated in DC modulation, including Pd-l1, 4-1bbl, Cd28, Tl1a, Vista, Tight, Cd70, Icoslg, Lag3, Cd40lg, Adar, Lgals9, Cd47, Tim3, Cd80, Ox40l, and Btla. 17 Of these, Pd-l1 and 4-1bbl were the immune checkpoint genes exhibiting the greatest differential expression between the cDC1 high and cDC1 low groups in FL (P = 0.015 and P = 0.025, Fig. 4a). Here, VSIR is linked to neoplasm.