In our study, we aimed to investigate the association between DNA methylation and diabetes status, as well as four related traits—fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and homoeostasis model assessment of beta-cell function (HOMA-B)—within a longitudinal, population-based cohort comprising 2,556 individuals, utilizing up to two repeated measurements of DNA methylation as well as glucose- and insulin-related traits. Here, INS is linked to Insulin resistance.