Two CpG sites, cg20346503 and cg19693031 (annotated to TXNIP), exhibited a steeper decline in methylation for individuals with T2D compared to those with NGT, with methylation rates of -1.22% and − 1.01% for NGT, versus − 1.31% and − 1.15% for T2D, respectively. This evidence concerns the gene TXNIP and type 2 diabetes mellitus.