A subsequent study focusing on patients with specific solid tumors including metastatic gastric cancer (GC), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (NCT04264975) provided additional evidence supporting the positive role of FMT.36 Among 13 patients receiving anti-PD-1 therapy, FMT induced sustained microbiome changes and clinical benefits in 6 patients (46.2%), with one achieving partial response and five maintaining stable disease. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.