L. reuteri 17938 and 5454-derived supernatant increased the production of Foxp3+ Treg cells through activation of CD103+ DCs.75,113L. reuteri 17938 also activated DCs through toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) to expand Tregs in a model of necrotizing enterocolitis.114 In addition to increasing Treg populations, L. reuteri may combat autoimmunity in Treg-deficient disease models by decreasing inflammation. The gene discussed is TLR2; the disease is Autoimmunity.