Acetate acted synergistically with αPD-1 ICI treatment to decrease tumor number and ILC3 production of IL-17A.73 While these studies highlight the ability of L. reuteri to suppress tumor growth, they also are highly suggestive that L. reuteri may be able to strengthen current treatment regimens being used in the clinic, such as ICI therapy and chemotherapy. Here, IL17A is linked to neoplasm.