CKD: chronic kidney disease, CLD: chronic liver disease, TB: tuberculosis, SD: standard deviation, IQR: interquartile range, eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate, BUN: blood urea nitrogen, ALT: alanine aminotransferase, AST: aspartate aminotransferase, AFB: acid-fast bacilli, CXR: chest X-ray, MMSE: mini-mental state examination, CK-MB: creatine kinase-MB, NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, ANOVA: analysis of variance. Here, NPPB is linked to tuberculosis.