PIK3C3 and hypertensive disorder: While direct research on the role of VPS34 ubiquitination in CVDs is currently lacking, its regulators—such as UBC13 and NEDD4—are known to be involved in angiogenesis [47, 48], vascular remodeling [49] and hypertension [50], suggesting the potential role of VPS34 ubiquitination in CVD progression.