Table 1 provides a summary of the baseline characteristics of the study population, organized by AAC level. The weighted mean age of the study participants was 57.42±11.53 years, with the weighted proportion of females being 51.34%. Statistically significant differences (all P values < 0.05) were observed in age, poverty status, education level, marital status, smoking, albuminuria, chronic kidney disease, hypertension, diabetes, CVD, albumin, and across different AAC levels (Table 1). Here, ALB is linked to chronic kidney disease.