Indeed, upon assessing post-stroke glial scar formation following the transplantation of MSCs, as indicated by glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunostaining, we observed a reduced area of glial scarring in the MSCs-implanted group compared to the vehicle group at D7 post-operation, with the F3-MSC group showing a superior effect (Fig. 1K). Here, GFAP is linked to Stroke.