Interestingly, they can express PD-1, and PD-1-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T therapy eliminated these CD8+TRM cells and achieved cholangitis remission.95 Scientists found the enrichment of TGF-β, IL-15, and E-cadherin in the liver of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) patients, which orchestrated tissue residency of CD8+TRM cells.451 The infiltration levels of CD8+TRM cells are positively related to disease severity. Here, IL15 is linked to autoimmune hepatitis.