CD8A and autoimmune disease: People have begun to explore the feasibility of targeting disease-specific TRICs as therapeutic strategies.9–14 For example, some vaccines can induce the formation of CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells that defend against pathogen reinfection and amplify anti-tumor immunity.15–17 Furthermore, neutralizing antibodies blocking proinflammatory cytokines produced by TRICs can alleviate autoimmune disease progression.18,19 Therefore, a thorough understanding of TRICs is very essential for further therapy optimization and development.