PDE5A and dementia: In the survival analyses with the Fine-Gray models using an FDR-corrected P<0.05 as the threshold, 4 of the 13 protein candidates were associated with all-cause dementia (EPHA2, APOE, PDE5A, and MERTK) after adjusting for age, sex, education, and APOE ε4 carrier status and 5 (METAP1D, EPHA2, TIMD4, MERTK, and CD46) were associated with any stroke conditioning on age and sex (Figure 4A and 4B).