CSF1R and Rare disease with thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection: Of note, a recent study clarified the pathogenic role of macrophages in a β-aminopropionitrile–induced (BAPN-induced) thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) mouse model, as evidenced by the fact that suppression of macrophage accumulation in the aorta by using the CSF1R inhibitor Ki20227 decreased the incidence of TAAD and aortic rupture in mice (32).