Nonetheless, they noted a moderate immune polarization on the Th1 side by the expression of IL-2, IL-12, IFN-γ, and transcriptional factors (STAT1 and STAT4) upon infection of dendritic cells with L. tarentolae expressing the SARS-CoV-2 full-length S (Varotto-Boccazzi et al., 2022). This evidence concerns the gene STAT1 and infection.