Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO)is a type of erythropoiesis-stimulatingagent (ESAs) that has been approved to treat anemia in CKD patientsand CIA in cancer patients with hemoglobin (HGB) at 10g/dL or below.In clinical practice, rHuEPO is initiated based on HGB and individualizedby HGB increasing rate to achieve a target HGB level to minimize adverseeffects while avoiding blood transfusion. The gene discussed is EPO; the disease is anemia (phenotype).