TRPV1 promoted the activation of ATP-induced NLRP3 inflammasome by mediating Ca2+ influx and phosphorylation of phosphatase PP2A in microglia, the ablation of which reduced the neuroinflammation and alleviated mice experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis 85 as well as the brain injury post subarachnoid hemorrhage 86. The gene discussed is TRPV1; the disease is experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.