In an in vitro study of the insulin permeation profile of these nanoparticles with a triple co-culture of the Caco-2/HT29 cells adapted to methotrexate (HT29-MTX) (a human colon cancer cell-line)/Raji B (a lymphoblast-like cell-line) cell model, which mimics the monolayer of the intestine, the permeation of ALB-NPs was found to be significantly higher than that of non-encapsulated insulin. Here, INS is linked to colonic neoplasm.