In addition to TGF-β1 downregulation by MSA, it was also shown that MSA could promote the downregulation of PD-L1 and VEGF and is supported by a study carried out by Wang et al. demonstrating that TGF-β1 inhibits the expression of VEGF-A in colon cancer [59]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is malignant colon neoplasm.