However, in female mice on a high-fat diet, the loss of astrocytic Bmal1 led to a “male-like” obesity phenotype, likely due to reduced energy expenditure and activity, suggesting that astrocytic Bmal1 regulates metabolic outputs, energy balance, and physiological rhythms in a sex and diet-specific manner [111]. Here, BMAL1 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.