Based on the observation that tPA is present in the SN and previous reports linking tPA with neuroinflammatory and neurotoxic events, this study focused on characterizing tPA expression in the SN and exploring its potential role in neuroinflammation and DA-neuron degeneration in an α-synuclein mouse model of PD, aiming to identify novel therapeutic pathways for PD treatment. The gene discussed is PLAT; the disease is Parkinson disease.