HBB and cancer: The analysis of gene editing efficiency in five gene targets, including a potential cancer therapy target (PLK1)21, revealed that Cas12f1_mini2 showed approximately 50% lower efficiency at two out of five target sites (NLRC4 and CLIC4), while demonstrating an average of 2.88-fold increase in indel frequency at three out of five target sites (HBB, PLK1, and VEGFA) compared to Cas12f1_v1 (Fig. 2b).